аЯрЁБс>ўџ OQўџџџNџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџьЅС%` №П1bjbjЎѕЎѕ 4<ЬŸЬŸ№('џџџџџџЄ–––––––ЊŽŽŽ8Ц вЊе)ьњњ(""""""ЭЯЯЯG Ж  V)$С*h)-Šz)–g""ggz)––"")iiig”–"–"ЭigЭii––i"ю рEљ‡хѓШŽћЌi‘<Ѕ)0е)iГ-ЇjГ-iГ-–i("діNiD P"""z)z)X"""е)ggggЊЊЊфŽЊЊЊŽЊЊЊ––––––џџџџ Ref: DGM\10984D\vh NEWSLETTER: June, 1999 A GOOD SAFARI For the first time in its thirteen-year history, in September 1998, a Cork member of the Partnership had the chance actually to walk the land in Singida, north central Tanzania. Here he recounts his experience. Travelling by local bus, I left Dar Es Salaam at 7.00 a.m., on my safari (a so much better word than the pallid 'journey'): beside me on one side was a mother and daughter and on the other a large cardboard box containing two live turkeys. The bus was the most expensive and the slowest - the two go together because of the frequency of accidents in Africa. I reached Arusha in good order where I met Fr. O'Brien, the Singida Development Officer. The final stage of the journey - 250 mls from Arusha to Singida - was over dirt roads, the potholes in which would have been the envy of Deputy Healy-Rae; but I was told that this was nothing compared to the way they would be by the rainy season (November-February). On the way over the empty plain, we saw occasional groups of four or five Masai (hunters and warrior-nomads), wearing the standard blanket and sandals but with their faces painted white with a black cross. These were youths undergoing the rites of initiation. These include camping out, under the stars, for several months and performing several feats requiring courage, strength, skill and nature-lore - feats which formerly included killing a lion. The vastness of Africa has its relevance to the request from Makiungu Hospital, Singida, which we are presently meeting, for funds for a 'land-rover type' vehicle (probably a Toyota land-cruiser, because of the weakness of the yen). Because of the respect in which the Hospital is widely held, it attracts patients from an area of radius 60 miles. The vehicle, which will replace the workhorse which has served for several years, will be used for out-reach clinics. In addition, it will travel on such safaris as the road to Tabora, which takes about eight hours. Tabora is the medical-supply centre for the area (and, also the place where Stanley met Livingstone in 1872 and remarked: “Dr. Livingstone, I presume"). The Hospital, however, cannot afford to use the vehicle as an ambulance and so patients are carried in from villages, many miles away, on a stretcher borne by relatives. The number of beds is 120; the number of patients usually around 150. This apparent paradox stems from the fact that, if a patient is not: severely ill, giving birth or contagious, then s/he may sleep on the floor. Another innovation, by European standards, is that the hospital does not serve food to the patients. Instead, a small building with wood-burning stoves is provided, in which a patient's family can prepare food. Considering the standard of food in some Irish hospitals, this seems a great improvement. There are also four isolation bedrooms - used for cholera or leprosy victims. The latter scourge is now curable, and not merely controllable, by drugs. There are only three doctors in the hospital - though the establishment is for four. In addition, there are some three-year trained paramedics. Anaesthetics are administered by one of these or a specially trained nurse. The flying doctor calls six or so times a year to perform operations in relatively specialised areas, like neurology, orthopaedics or plastic surgery. One form of alternative medicine under experiment is an attempt being made by one of the nurses to introduce, for example, camfry to treat ulcers or magnets to encourage broken bones to knit together. It is hoped to integrate this with traditional African medical lore. The management structure is fairly straightforward. Day to day administration is the responsibility of: the medical officer in charge; the Matron and the Administrator, (who are Medical Missionaries of Mary nuns, from the US, Uganda and Nigeria, respectively). Above them - meeting annually - is the Board of Management, chaired by the Bishop of the Diocese. One of the ways in which the inadequacy of the road from outside impacted on Makiungu Hospital concerns the treatment of malaria (which is still the greatest killer epidemic, ahead of, for instance AIDS). By the time the many malarial patients reach the hospital, they are so far gone as to be beyond the reach of chloroquin. The only successful treatment is quinine and intravenous fluid. Until very recently, the intravenous fluid had to be brought in along the horrendous road, which sometimes meant that supplies fell dangerously low. Now, a laboratory has been built and equipped to manufacture the fluid and there is even enough to be sold to other hospitals. The main ingredient is rainwater - which does not need to be purified and which is collected in the water-chutes, and stored beneath the laboratory. In 1997, the Hospital spent a total of Ѓ123,000 and received Ѓ66,000 in fees (in- and out-patients) and Ѓ18,000 in Government grants. This left it to find approximately Ѓ40,000 from donors outside the country, including ourselves. (For comparison a single hospital bed in Ireland with medical treatment costs Ѓ100,000 or Ѓ80,000 per year, depending on whether one is in Dublin or outside). One big blessing which has come recently to the area is to be connected to the national electricity grid. Formerly, the region depended upon a small local dam and fitful hydroelectric system. The coming of reliable electricity has opened the door to such possibilities as: electrical grinding mills; sewing machines and welding machinery, not to mention removing anxieties that a Caesarean section may have to be completed by torch-light, if the electricity fails. I arrived on Friday and, on Saturday, we paid a visit to the near-by village where Father Elias Gunda lives. He was given a scholarship by UCC and took the BA here in 1992-5. He teaches History up to 'A' level and English up to 'O' level. His extra-curricular duty consisted of managing the school shamba (smallholding). Even at the height of the dry-season, in the semi-desert environment, it looked fertile. There were a number of small pools of water (say 8 by 8 metres and 3 metres deep) of water left over from the rainy season. Soon, fish will be bred in these irrigation pools. At intervals, the water is let out to run along channels between rows of crops. These include: banana; sweet potato; avocados; sugar; tomato and tobacco. The produce is eaten as part of school lunch (apart from the tobacco!) and helps to relieve the monotony of a maize and beans diet. The temperature in Makiungu is a steady 300C - very dry and pleasant with a nice breeze; but not quite warm enough to grow rice. Makiungu Hospital is in the Singida region, which is semi-desert and in the lowest quarter of Tanzania, so far as income per head is concerned. And Tanzania is the seventeenth poorest country in the world (compare Ireland, which is the seventeenth richest). From Makiungu, it is about twenty miles to Singida town where there is: a population of 50,000; no industry; a salty lake which may dwindle to nothing in the dry season; and a hotel which advertises itself as "reliable", a modest enough claim besides the grandiloquent boasts of most hotels. But one which was certainly made good by the quiet beer we had under its lilac and majestic Jacaranda trees. In the garden, we talked to a volunteer working for Oxfam, who is establishing a project to try to reintegrate street children into the communities whence they came. Some of them are accomplished professional thieves; some have been sexually abused by family members (a subject which is only just coming to be talked about publicly in Tanzania); and some are the products of homes in which the man left the woman because he had given her too many children. The Sunday I was visiting was Confirmation Day, which meant that hundreds of people walked the twenty miles from Makiungu into Singida town, sleeping on the ground by the church. The Makiungu contingent was apprehensive that the salty local water in Singida, to which they were not accustomed, would make them ill. But the children were clean, well-clothed and in most cases, well-shod too. A priest who had been in the country a long time remarked that twenty years ago, the children would have been suffering from scabies (because of the difficulty of importing soap into the country) and their clothes in tatters. 'So now we have better nutrition, hygiene and clothes. That is progress, goodness knows'. We gave a lift home to thirteen of the pilgrims who had come for the Confirmation. That was a total of fifteen in a land rover. But this was not a personal best, the driver admitted, since so many of the passengers were youths. As we bowled along to Singida through the brief African dusk (500 miles south of the equator means about only 15 minutes twilight) the celebrants raised their voices in chorus in praise of the goodness of God and the skill of the driver. The compound behind the church is the headquarters for the Diocese's secular activities. These included a carpenter's shop which makes, for instance: desks and chairs for schools; window frames; and doors for houses. New projects are constantly being devised. The climate is conducive to the growth of sunflowers and the latest development is an engine to press these in order to produce oil. Where water can be discovered (whether by boring or local water diviner), deep wells are sunk and the pump which brings up the water is powered by a windmill. The local Catholic Church also has a vehicle repair centre and a grain store, where several tons of grain, grown on the Diocesan farm or purchased from peasant farms are stored. Last season's rains were too intense. They caused flash floods which dragged off the seedlings and mean a very poor harvest in 1999. The Catholic Church is preparing to play its part with others - Government agencies, Lutherans, foreign aid organisations - in preventing the worst consequences of this disaster. * Other members of the Partnership may wish to visit Singida. The airfare is not too expensive (Ѓ550 – paid, in my case, by the Department of Foreign Affairs because I was giving a lecture to some Tanzanian judges in Dar Es Salaam). You would then have an opportunity to meet our partners over there, acting out the Swahili proverb: 'Mountains never meet; people do'. D.G.M.     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