ࡱ> oqn bjbj++ @AATBBjjj4h,2\Ou2:nnnttttttt,v3y|tjn^nnntp#A upppnLjtpntpprqv^ t!Nmo6nttu0Ou|typytpjt(nnnttpnnnOuynnnnnnnnnB :    1.0 INTRODUCTION: There are two distinct methods of providing personal protection against contaminated atmospheres. They are: BY PURIFYING THE AIR BREATHED The inhaled air is drawn through a medium that removed the contaminated air, the chemical & physical nature of the medium depending on the contaminating agent. Devices to achieve this result are known as respirators. The different types of respirators are represented below:  RESPIRATORS      BY SUPPLYING AIR OXYGEN FROM AN UNCONTAMINATED SOURCE The inhaled air is conveyed by air line, or alternatively, air or oxygen is supplied from cylinders carried by the person exposed to the hazard. Devices that achieve this are known as breathing apparatus. The main types of breathing apparatus are represented below: BREATHING APPARATUS        2.0 RELATED FACTORS (when making a selection of RPE): The selection of Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE) must also take into account: the person chosen to carry out the tasks, the demands of the job to be undertaken the working environment These points must always be considered as they may influence effective protection. 2.1 Personal Related Factors These would include training, medical fitness, face shape, size and beard. Also whether person wears spectacles or contact lenses. 2.2 Work Related Factors These would include physical work rate, length of time RPE is to be worn, mobility, visibility and effect on communication. 2.3 Working Environment Factors Selection considerations on this are shown on the diagram overleaf. 2.3 WORKING ENVIRONMENT FACTORS These indicate various air-borne contamination hazards under different environmental conditions.  3.0 EXAMPLE OF SELECTION OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Identify the name, nature and form of air borne contaminant. Establish hazard and harmful effects of contaminant. What legislation, regulations etc., are applicable to the substance? What Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) are set for the contaminant? (see Code of Practice for Safety, Health & Welfare at Work (Chemical Agents) Regulations, 1997 ) Obtain airborne concentration of substance in work area (milligrams per cubic metre or ppm). Length of exposure TWA (Time Weighted Average) to the one substance. (see note 3 below). Divide TWA airborne concentration by the OEL for that substance to ascertain level of protection required Select the respirator which has a Nominal Protection Factor greater than the required level of protection. (See notes 1 and 2 below on protection factors). Example: Nature of contaminant: Graphite Form of contaminant: Dust Health effects: Respiratory sensitivity Concentration: 50 mg/m3 OEL. for Graphite : 5 mg/m3 Total exposure time: 6 hours 8 hour Time Weighted Average concentration: 50 mg/m3 x 6 = 37.5 mg/m3 8 Divide TWA concentration by OEL 37.5 mg/m3 = 7.5 5 mg/m3 Result: 7.5 x OEL. Therefore select a general purpose respirator that has a Nominal Protection Factor greater than 7.5. (see notes 1 and 2). Note.1 Nominal Protection Factor (N.P.F.) is the ratio of the concentration of the contaminant in the atmosphere to its concentration in the air inhaled by the wearer of a respiratory protection device viz. Concentration of contaminant in the atmosphere = N.P.F. Concentration of contaminant in the facepiece This is calculated at a maximum inward leakage in prescribed tests. Note.2 While the above example is a simple selection method, one must also take into consideration the various factors previously outlined in 2.0 Related Factors. However, in the revised BS4275 Guide to implementing the effective respiratory protective device programme, the use of Nominal Protection Factors are replaced by Assigned Protection Factors (APFs). The difference that APFs have made is that RPE should be selected with a higher margin of safety. Advice should be sought from suppliers of RPE regarding selection, as for example a full face piece respirator with a P3 filter formally had an NPF of 10 whereas its APF was found to be 40. Note.3 Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs) are only for one substance in the atmosphere. In the case of multiple substances being present in an atmosphere, special attention should be given to synergistic effects and appropriate downward revisions of an OEL for an individual substance.     DEPARTMENT SAFETY STATEMENT DOCUMENT: APPENDICES Appendix XX -Selection Guide for Respiratory Protective Equipment Rev.1 Date: May 98 PAGE 1 PAGE 1 of  NUMPAGES 3 Sc\Appendix\SectXX DOCUMENT: APPENDICES Appendix XX -Selection Guide for Respiratory Protective Equipment Rev.1 Date: May 98 Cartridge Type High Efficiency Dust FOR GASES WITH DUSTS FOR GASES FOR DUSTS Canister Type with Particulate Filter Canister Type General Purpose Dust Positive Pressure Powered Respirator Hood or Blouse Emergency Escape Cartridge Type AIR LINE SELF CONTAINED COMPRESSED AIR CLOSED CIRCUIT OPEN CIRCUIT FRESH AIR EMERGENCY ESCAPE NORMAL WORKING CONDITIONS CONFINED SPACES ALLOWING UNRESTRICTED MOVEMENT ALLOWING LIMITED MOVEMENT ALLOWING UNRESTRICTED MOVEMENT DUST HAZARDS GAS HAZARDS COMBINED DUST & GAS DUST GAS LOW O2 DUST GAS LOW O2 ALL HAZARDS ALL HAZARDS AIR LINE BREATHING APPARATUS SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA) TOXIC LOW TOXICITY TOXIC LOW TOXICITY TOXIC CARTRIDGE CANISTER or SCBA CANISTER or SCBA Positive Pressure Respirator Positive Pressure Hood & Blouse General Purpose Respirator Positive Pressure Hood & Blouse High Efficiency Dust Respirator Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)  + 5 J K L O Q S T U V W X _ a f T m NO׿򿞿ׅׅ׿ׅׅׅ׿yh @CJOJQJ0jhi5>*@CJOJQJUmHnHuhi@OJQJ-jhi5@CJOJQJUmHnHu&jhi@OJQJUmHnHuhihi5>*@CJOJQJhi@CJOJQJhi5@CJOJQJ, + 5 6 J L P $a$ & F '@^`$a$ & FP Q T V X ` a g h i j  H a T m MNOo*7]7 & FOno)+;k@C$(128ޮ޻ޒޒޅvޒޅޒޒ޻޻ޅޅޅ޻p hi@hi>*@CJH*OJQJhi>*@CJOJQJhi@CJH*OJQJhi5>*@CJOJQJhi6@CJOJQJhi5@CJOJQJ*jhi@CJOJQJUmHnHuhi@CJOJQJhi@OJQJhi5@OJQJ,*+,jk$)} & F dh^` & F dh^` & F dh^` & Fdh^` & Fdh^` & Fdh^` & Fdh^` & Fdh^`DEh 3412^`ûwbQb h hi0JCJOJQJaJ)jh hi0JCJOJQJUaJhi0JmHnHu hi0Jjhi0JUhih 5OJQJ\h 5@OJQJhi5@OJQJhjhU hi@hi6@CJOJQJjhi@UmHnHuhi@CJOJQJhi>*@CJOJQJ(tki&`#$+$$d%d&d'd*$NOPQa$gd /$ 0$d%d&d'd*$NOPQa$gd /$ 0$d%d&d'd*$NOPQa$gd  :;<KMbcxy)+:;CETUefvƱƱ챠yyoooyyyyyyooyyhiCJOJQJhiCJOJQJhh 5@OJQJhihiCJOJQJ h hi0JCJOJQJaJ)jh h 0JCJOJQJUaJ h h 0JCJOJQJaJ)jh hi0JCJOJQJUaJ%h-E0JCJOJQJaJmHnHu+:;<KLMbcxy$a$+$$d%d&d'd*$NOPQa$gd /$ 0$d%d&d'd*$NOPQa$gd  $dNgd  K&`#$+D#*+5:;D$a$DETU`efmvw  *+8$a$vw  *+89EF[\abfglmnotuyz"#/356BFHJgh hi@h hiCJ hiCJH* hiCJhiCJOJQJhiCJOJQJhiP89EF[\abfgnotuyz$a$"#,56HIJgh$a$/0&P . 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