ࡱ> `b_ v'bjbjΚΚ yHZTT$ $ $ $ $ $H H H P  dH />!!4L!L!L!'"'"'"J=L=L=L=L=L=L=,?Bx=$ '"'"'"'"'"x="$ $ L!L!=Z"""'"$ L!$ L!J="'"J=""n8J=I"R< 6==H/>< -C"-C@="$ = '"'"'"x=x="'"'"'"/>-C'"'"'"'"'"'"'"'"'"T :   * INTERPRETATION - "Department" means College/School/Department/Centre/Unit as relevant. 18.45.1 INTRODUCTIONPRIVATE  Outdoor work encompasses such a variety and range of tasks that it would be difficult to enumerate them all here. Working outdoors could be defined as any practical work, diverse activities or other routine duties carried out by staff for the purpose of maintenance, upkeep of and cleaning of grounds, gardens etc., or other areas under the control of the ҹ޸þ. However, one should keep in mind that other staff or students may be involved in working outdoors. For instance many diverse everyday jobs occur outside the campus whether on engineering, agricultural, marine, industrial, geological locations etc. Under current Health & Safety legislation it is the duty of employers that their employees are protected from any hazards they may encounter during this work, therefore as with all types of work, proper hazard identification and risk assessments should be carried out where outdoor activities are required. 18.45.2 HAZARDS Experience has shown that many accidents occur when employees and others are working outdoors. Without doubt, outdoor workplaces pose considerable hazards and equally, may be more difficult to control than indoor working. As with all areas of health & safety, there is never a question of responsibility for all eventualities, only for accidents which were foreseeable and for which precaution could have been taken. Examples of all occupational hazards would be related to the site and working conditions where outdoor activities are carried out. The hazards associated with all employment (whether indoor or outdoor), may be ascertained under the normal method of hazard identification headings viz.: PHYSICAL BIOLOGICAL CHEMICAL PSYCHOSOCIAL (Human) Physical Hazards: Environmental e.g. adverse weather conditions, cold, wet, icy, windy, hot, noisy, etc. Sunburn, sunstroke, wind chill or hypothermia, or exposure to electric storms from adverse weather conditions Accidents or injuries resulting from inadequate personal protective equipment Slips, trips and falls Accidents or injuries resulting from equipment, portable tools or machinery used outdoors Poor lighting situations, working at heights, confined spaces Electrical from faulty equipment, poor insulation or earthing, dangerous environment, cables etc. Incorrect Manual handling methods used in outdoor work Biological Hazards: Examples of these include the full range of bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, fungi, chlamydia, protozoa as well as parasites. A large number of these microorganisms are pathogenic to man and may result in serious infections, ill health, and acute or chronic disease. Exposure to animals, plants or insects etc., resulting in bites, scratches or stings that may cause ill health or allergic reactions Contact with infected or unclean tools, equipment etc. Allergenic reactions to vegetation toxins, spores, pollen etc. Possible exposure to human faeces, urine, blood, condoms in toilets, drains, sewers or contaminated soil with risk of contacting Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Typhoid, Polio, E. Coli, and HIV etc. Possible exposure to animal (cat, dog, rat etc.) or bird droppings with risk of contacting Leptospirosis (Weils disease), Toxiplasmosis etc. Exposure to pathogenic microbes, worms, parasites etc. in earth with risk of contacting Tetanus or other ailments HAZARDS (Cont.) Chemical Hazards: Examples of these would include substances that may cause acute or chronic ill health depending on the physiochemical nature of the chemical and degree of exposure. These would be used in many outdoor maintenance works i.e. on buildings or grounds. Insecticides, biocides, disinfectants Paints, solvents, creosotes, insulating products Specific sprays, aerosols, weed killers Cleaning agents, bleaches, acidic or caustic solutions Welding, cutting or drilling synthetic fabrication products Lubricants, oils, greases, sealers, metal protection products Cements, bonding agents Examples of Psychosocial (Human) Hazards: Inadequate training or supervision Age, fitness, susceptibility to exposure from hazardous materials, situations Poor communication between workers involved in hazardous tasks or working in isolation Lack of health & safety awareness Lack of First Aid facilities or trained First Aiders Poor hygiene habits 18.45.3 RISKS The risks associated with the aforementioned hazards are to be assessed by the Department (using the appropriate technical input where necessary). These assessments shall be carried out using: Check lists provided (where applicable) and Departmental Hazard Identification/Risk Assessment Work Sheets contained in Document No.3 i.e. Departmental Hazard Risk Assessment (D.H.R.A.). 18.45.4 ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTROLS REQUIRED These hazards and risks will be minimised by the following arrangements and controls: Ensure that staff selected are experienced and suitable for this type of work Provision of safety training pertinent to outdoor work Identification of all hazards that may be encountered from outdoor tasks Proper recorded assessment of risks to be carried out and adequate precautions put in place Persons should be trained and experienced for all work tasks encountered with appropriate supervision Ensure staff are not susceptible to risks due to any existing health condition Provision of appropriate safety equipment and clothing and personal protective equipment to staff Proper washing & showering facilities after this type of work with special attention to personal hygiene Inoculation shots and vaccines, blood tests or biological monitoring (as necessary) to be provided to staff that may be exposed to diseases or other biological hazards mentioned above Provision of safety data sheets for any chemicals used Appropriate chemical awareness safety training given to relevant staff associated with above Prior to or during work cognisance to be taken on environmental e.g. uneven, slippery or rough ground or weather conditions that may impact on safety Ensuring that only competent pest control agencies deal with rodent or insect infestations etc. Adequate First Aid equipment should be available Proper communication equipment to be available e.g. radio transmitters or cell phones, if working far from other personnel. Outdoor areas are adequately lit by artificial lighting when daylight is not sufficient 18.45.4 ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTROLS REQUIRED (Cont.) Accidents and incidents must be reported to the Health & Safety office A.S.A.P. Where specialised tools or equipment are used which present their own hazards, e.g. portable electric tools, provision should be made to ensure only competent persons are allowed to operate them Employees at outdoor workplaces or workstations are protected, as far as possible, against inclement weather conditions, falling objects, and harmful noise or harmful influences i.e. gases, vapours or dust. Equally can speedily leave in the event of danger or may be rapidly assisted to do so. 18.45.5 ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTROLS The details of the Arrangements and Controls in place and those required in the short, medium and long term, shall be set out by the Department in the forms provided in Document No.4 i.e. Departmental Safety Action Plan (D.S.A.P.). These Arrangements and Controls shall be reviewed and updated on a yearly basis. 18.45. 6 RESPONSIBILITIES The following personnel are responsible in the Department/Office/Area for ensuring the implementation and ongoing compliance with the aforementioned arrangements and controls. PRIVATE AREA/LOCATIONPERSON RESPONSIBLE1.2.3.4.5.   DEPARTMENT SAFETY STATEMENT DOCUMENT NO. 2: Requirements for the Control of Hazards and Risks SECTION 18. 45. 0 - Working Outdoors Rev. 1 PAGE   PAGE 1 of  NUMPAGES 3 AppSc/Doc2/Sect 18.45 DOCUMENT NO. 2: Requirements for the Control of Hazards and Risks SECTION 18. 45. 0 - Working Outdoors (Cont.) 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